GnRH, anosmia and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism–where are we?

PE Forni, S Wray - Frontiers in neuroendocrinology, 2015 - Elsevier
Gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons originate the nasal placode and migrate
into the brain during prenatal development. Once within the brain, these cells become
integral components of the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis, essential for reproductive
function. Disruption of this system causes hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (HH). HH
associated with anosmia is clinically defined as Kallman syndrome (KS). Recent work
examining the developing nasal region has shed new light on cellular composition, cell …